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十大排序算法总结+工具类
算法的核心在于思想,而非具体实现。掌握其核心思想后,便能理解他人代码,或能自行编写相似的代码。每种编程语言都内置优化后的排序算法,其性能远高于我们手动实现的版本。因此,在实际开发中,只需熟练掌握语言内置的排序方法即可。
以下是常见排序算法的实现代码,供参考:
private static void selectionSort(int[] arr, int len) { for (int i = 0; i < len - 1; i++) { int min = i; for (int j = i + 1; j < len; j++) { if (arr[j] < arr[min]) { min = j; } } swap(arr, i, min); }} private static void bubbleSort(int[] arr, int len) { for (int i = len - 1; i > 0; i--) { for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) { if (arr[j] > arr[j + 1]) { swap(arr, j, j + 1); } } }} private static void insertionSort(int[] arr, int len) { for (int i = 1; i < len; i++) { for (int j = i; j > 0; j--) { if (arr[j] < arr[j - 1]) { swap(arr, j, j - 1); } } }} private static void shellSort(int[] arr, int len) { int h = 1; while (h <= len / 3) { h = h * 3 + 1; } for (int gap = h; gap > 0; gap = (gap - 1) / 3) { for (int i = gap; i < len; i++) { for (int j = i; j > gap - 1; j -= gap) { if (arr[j] < arr[j - gap]) { swap(arr, j, j - gap); } } } }} private static void heapSort(int[] arr, int len) { for (int i = len; i > 0; i--) { heapify(arr, i); swap(arr, i - 1, 0); }} private static void heapify(int[] arr, int len) { for (int i = len / 2 - 1; i >= 0; i--) { int max = i; if (2 * i + 1 < len && arr[max] < arr[2 * i + 1]) { max = 2 * i + 1; } if (2 * i + 2 < len && arr[max] < arr[2 * i + 2]) { max = 2 * i + 2; } swap(arr, i, max); }} private static void quickSort(int[] arr, int left, int right) { if (left >= right) { return; } int mid = partition(arr, left, right); quickSort(arr, left, mid - 1); quickSort(arr, mid + 1, right);} private static void mergeSort(int[] arr, int left, int right) { if (left >= right) { return; } int mid = left + (right - left) / 2; mergeSort(arr, left, mid); mergeSort(arr, mid + 1, right); merge(arr, left, mid + 1, right);} private static void countSort(int[] arr, int len) { int[] count = new int[10]; for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { count[arr[i]]++; } for (int i = 1; i < count.length; i++) { count[i] += count[i - 1]; } for (int i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--) { int index = count[arr[i]]; result[--count[arr[i]]] = arr[i]; } System.arraycopy(result, 0, arr, 0, len);} private static void radixSort(int[] arr, int len) { int max = arr[0]; int min = arr[0]; for (int i = 1; i < len; i++) { if (max < arr[i]) { max = arr[i]; } if (min > arr[i]) { min = arr[i]; } } if (min < 0) { for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { arr[i] -= min; } max -= min; } int n = (max + "").length(); int[] count = new int[10]; int[] temp = new int[len]; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { int m = (int) Math.pow(10, i); for (int j = 0; j < len; j++) { int div = arr[j] / m % 10; count[div]++; } for (int j = 1; j < count.length; j++) { count[j] += count[j - 1]; } for (int k = len - 1; k >= 0; k--) { int div = arr[k] / m % 10; temp[--count[div]] = arr[k]; } System.arraycopy(temp, 0, arr, 0, len); Arrays.fill(count, 0); } if (min < 0) { for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { arr[i] += min; } }} private static void bucketSort(int[] arr, int bucketLen) { int min = arr[0]; int max = arr[0]; for (int i = 1; i < arr.length; i++) { if (min > arr[i]) { min = arr[i]; } if (max < arr[i]) { max = arr[i]; } } int bucketCount = (max - min) / bucketLen + 1; List > lists = new ArrayList<>(bucketCount); for (int i = 0; i < bucketCount; i++) { lists.add(new ArrayList<>()); } for (int k : arr) { lists.get((k - min) / bucketLen).add(k); } for (int i = 0; i < bucketCount; i++) { Collections.sort(lists.get(i)); } int index = 0; for (int i = 0; i < bucketCount; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < lists.get(i).size(); j++) { arr[index++] = lists.get(i).get(j); } }}
以上代码仅为排序算法的实现示例,具体细节可根据实际需求进行调整。如需了解某种算法的详细实现或应用场景,可以参考相关技术文档或文章。
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